Study of Overtopping Flow Velocity and Overtopping Layer Thickness on Composite Breakwater under Regular Wave

Overtopping flow velocity (OFV) and overtopping layer thickness (OTL) are essential parameters in breakwater design. Several empirical equations to predict these available many works of literature, but most the were derived based on impermeable structures such as sea dikes. In this study, we experimented with waves over a composite tetrapod armor units. experiments, wave was generated from regular waves. We used digital image-based velocimetry method, bubble image (BIV), measure OFV digitize corresponding obtain OLT. The patterns OTL respect time steps, conditions, events provided discussed. application widely for dike also tested by calibrating coefficients. New coefficients roughness factors suggested reduce difference between predicted measured OLT through bootstrap resampling technique. This study provides modified overtopping, which is further applicable